Komisiyo y'Imyambaro yo hanze ya Pacific Northwest ifite ubushobozi bwa GRS bwo kongera gukoreshwa mu makoti ya polyester yakozwe na OEM yo muri Ningbo ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora uruganda rwa Kamboje

1. Impamvu imiterere y'uruganda rubiri rwa Ningbo na Kamboje ikora

Imiterere y’inganda ebyiri za Ningbo na Kamboje yabaye icyitegererezo gikomeye cya OEM ku birango by’imyenda yo hanze bya Pacific Northwest, kandi impamvu ni imiterere aho kuba impanuka. Ibiro bikuru bya Ningbo bitanga icyo urusobe rw’ibirango byo hanze bya Pacific Northwest bimaze imyaka makumyabiri byiga kwishingikirizaho: uburyo bwo gukora ibishushanyo mbonera byihuse, imiyoboro myinshi y’abatanga imyenda, ubuhanga bwimbitse mu gukora tekiniki, no gukorana imbonankubone vuba mu gihe cyo gutegura ibishushanyo mbonera. Uruganda rwa Kamboje rutanga ibyo imisoro ya Amerika na politiki y’ubucuruzi ikeneye ubu: ubushobozi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi buri hanze y’umurongo wa 301 kandi bwujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo buhabwe imisoro idasanzwe hakurikijwe urwego rw’ubucuruzi hagati ya Amerika na Kamboje.

Dyon Fashion Kuva mu 2017, ubwo twafunguraga ikigo cyacu cya Kamboje hanze ya Phnom Penh, ibiro bya Ningbo byibanda ku gupima, guteza imbere igishushanyo mbonera, gushakisha imyenda, na gahunda nto zo kubyaza umusaruro ibicuruzwa bito. Uruganda rwa Kamboje rwibanda ku gukora ibicuruzwa byinshi ku birango byo hanze bijya muri Amerika n’ibijya muri EU. Ibigo byombi bisangiye ububiko bumwe bw’amakuru bw’ibishushanyo mbonera, urutonde rumwe rw’ibikoresho by’imyenda, na sisitemu imwe yo gucunga ubuziranenge, bivuze ko ikirango cyo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika gifite imiterere imwe muri Ningbo ibona BOM imwe, imiterere imwe, na protocole imwe ya QC iyo ingano irangiye muri Kamboje.

2. Gutanga ingero no gushushanya ku biro bikuru bya Ningbo

Ningbo ni moteri yo guteza imbere ibishushanyo mbonera bya gahunda zacu z’imyenda yo hanze yo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika. Ibiro bikuru byacu bya Ningbo bigizwe n’abakozi bashinzwe gushushanya, itsinda rikora ibishushanyo mbonera, umurongo w’ibishushanyo mbonera byo mu nzu, n’itsinda rishinzwe gushushanya imyenda. Ibigo byo hanze bikunze gutanga gahunda yo guteza imbere gahunda yabyo yo mu gihe cy’impeshyi/itumba ya 2027 mu gihembwe cya gatatu cya 2026, aho itsinda rya Ningbo risubiramo ingero 3-5 kuri buri bwoko mu gihembwe cyose cyo guteza imbere ibishushanyo mbonera.

Icyiciro cyo gufatira ingero muri Ningbo ni cyo cyihuse nkana. Kuva ku kwakira ikoranabuhanga kugeza ku icyiciro cya mbere: iminsi 14-18. Kuva ku bitekerezo bya mbere kugeza ku icyiciro cya kabiri: iminsi 7-10. Kuva ku icyiciro cya kabiri kugeza ku icyiciro cya mbere: iminsi 7-10. Kuva ku icyiciro cya mbere kugeza ku icyiciro cyo gufatira ingero ku bwinshi: iminsi 5-7. Igihe cyose cyo gufatira ingero no guteza imbere Ningbo ni iminsi 35-45, ikaba ari ngufi bihagije kugira ngo ishyigikire umuvuduko wo guteza imbere imiterere y’ibicuruzwa bito byo hanze byo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika. Amakuru yacu aherutse gutangwa ku icyiciro cyo gufatira ingero atangazwa kuri Hari icyumba cy'amakuru hamwe n'inyigo z'ibirango bya Pacific Northwest byatangiye hamwe na MOQ yacu y'ibice 200 byatangiye kandi bigera ku bicuruzwa 10.000 byasubiwemo.

3. Umusaruro mwinshi mu ruganda rwa Kamboje kugira ngo habeho guhangana n'ibiciro

Uruganda rwa Kamboje rukora imirimo yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byinshi iyo icyitegererezo cya Ningbo cyo gukora kimaze kwemezwa. Ikigo cya Kamboje kiri ku buso bwa metero kare 14.000 hanze ya Phnom Penh, gifite abakozi 600 bakora kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo gukora imyenda iboshye n’iboshye igera kuri miliyoni 2.4 buri mwaka. Uru ruganda rukora imirimo yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa inshuro imwe rushobora gukora inshuro ebyiri mu gihembwe cya gatatu, ari na cyo gikoresho gisanzwe cyo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byo hanze by’ikirango cya Pacific Northwest.

Agaciro k'uruganda rwa Kamboje karoroshye: imisoro. Imisoro y'igika cya 301 cya Amerika ku myenda iboshye ikorwa mu Bushinwa ikomeje kwiyongera, aho imyenda isa n'ikoti ikomoka ku gice cya 62 cya HTSUS ubu ihanganye n'umusoro w'inyongera wa 25-50% bitewe n'amategeko yihariye ya HTSUS. Imyenda yoherezwa muri Kamboje, mu buryo bunyuranye, yemerewe guhabwa imisoro idafite imisoro cyangwa iy'umwihariko hakurikijwe gahunda y'ibihugu byombi ya Amerika na Kamboje, isobanura ko inyungu iri hagati ya 15-25% by'igiciro cy'ubutaka ku ideni risanzwe ry'ikoti ryo hanze.

4. Impamyabushobozi za GRS Transaction na GRS-Logo Path

GRS — Global Recycled Standard — ni ikigo gishinzwe kwemeza ibicuruzwa byacu bigenzurwa n’ibicuruzwa bya poliester. Ku birango byo hanze bya Pacific Northwest bashaka gushyira ikirango cya GRS ku gipapuro cy’imyenda cyarangiye, icyo bakeneye ni icyemezo cya GRS cy’ibikorwa (TC) gitangwa hakurikijwe urwego rwacu rw’impamyabumenyi ya GRS. Buri koherezwa ry’ikoti rya poliester risubijwe n’ibicuruzwa rya GRS rifite TC igaragaza ijanisha ry’ibicuruzwa byasubijwe n’ibicuruzwa, aho ibikoresho byinjizwa, uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa bitunganywa, n’uko uburyo bwo gusiga no kurangiza irangi buhagaze.

TC ni inyandiko y’ikirango. Iki kigo kiyishyira muri database ya GRS hamwe n’inyandiko zayo bwite, maze ikirango cya GRS kiri ku gipapuro cy’imyenda cyarangiye kiba gifite uburenganzira bwo kwirengagizwa n’amategeko. Urwego rwa TC ruyoborwa na Ikigo cy’Isi Gishinzwe Gusubiramo Ibikoresho, hamwe na gahunda y'ibipimo ngenderwaho icungwa hakurikijwe uburyo bwagutse bwo Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'isoko ry'imyenda kuri GRS, OCS, na RDS. Urupapuro rwacu rw'inyandiko zijyanye n'iterambere ry'ubuzima igaragaza aho icyemezo dukomeza n'uburyo bwo gutanga ibyangombwa dukurikiza ku bicuruzwa byo hanze bya Pacific Northwest.

“Ibirango byo hanze ntibishaka ikoti rya poliyesita ryongerewe gukoreshwa gusa; ahubwo bashaka inzira y'impapuro ibayobora inyuma y'icyemezo cy'ubudahangarwa ku gitambaro cyo kwihagarika. TC ni yo ituma ikirego gishobora kwirengagizwa.” — Sherry Xiang, Umuyobozi Ushinzwe Ubusugire, Dyon Fashion

5. MOQ na Gahunda zo mu byiciro bito bya Brand-First

Ama-MOQ asanzwe muri Dyon Fashion ari ku bice 500 kuri buri ngano y'amabara akoreshwa mu ruganda rwa Kamboje, n'ibice 300 kuri buri ngano y'amabara akoreshwa mu ruganda rwa Ningbo. Ku gahunda nshya za mbere - ubusanzwe ibirango byo hanze byo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika bitangiye gukorana na Dyon ya mbere - dutanga MOQ y'ibice 200 mu mabara abiri, angana na XS kugeza kuri XL, hamwe n'igihe cyo gukora mu minsi 90. MOQ y'ibanze igura igiciro gito ugereranyije na MOQ yacu isanzwe ariko ifite inyandiko zimwe za GRS na protocole imwe ya QC.

Icyemezo cya MOQ ntabwo ari ukureba gusa ubukungu bw'ibicuruzwa bito cyane. Nanone gishyiraho imiterere y'ibyago byo gutumiza ibicuruzwa bwa mbere. MOQ y'ibicuruzwa 200 ifasha ikirango gutangira ibicuruzwa mu buryo bubiri, ikemeza isoko, kandi igashyiraho ibicuruzwa 2,000 cyangwa 5,000 mu gihembwe gikurikira. MOQ y'ibicuruzwa 500 ihatira gukora ibicuruzwa bya mbere kandi igashyira ikirango mu kaga ko kugurisha ibicuruzwa bitagurishijwe ku mabara adasobanutse. Twamenye ko ibirango bikura neza kuva ku ikusanyirizo rya mbere kugeza ku rya gatanu byose bitangirira kuri MOQ yacu y'ibanze aho gutangira kuri MOQ yacu isanzwe.

6. Ishyirwa mu byiciro rya HTSUS Igice cya 62 n'igice cya 301 cyo kugaragaza

Imyambaro yo hanze iva muri Amerika ijya mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika igomba gusobanukirwa ishyirwa mu byiciro rya HTSUS n'umurongo wa 301 w'imyambaro uza kuri buri cyiciro cy'imyenda. Amakoti akozwe mu gice cya 62 (ubusanzwe 6201.13 ku bagabo cyangwa unisex, 6202.13 ku bagore, 6201.93 ku bagabo batari ipamba, 6202.93 ku bagore batari ipamba) afite indi misoro iva muri Igice cya 301 yahindutse hagati ya 7.5% na 50% mu myaka 5 ishize. Imyenda yoherezwa muri Kamboje mu mategeko amwe ya HTSUS yakunze kwemererwa guhabwa imisoro hakurikijwe urwego rw'ubucuruzi bw'ibihugu byombi, hakurikijwe inyandiko z'amategeko agenga inkomoko.

Kataloge yacu y'ibicuruzwa ishyira buri bwoko mu byiciro hakurikijwe kode ya HTSUS ndetse n'inkomoko y'umusaruro wa Kamboje cyangwa Ningbo, bityo ibigo byo hanze byo mu majyaruguru y'uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika bishobora kubaka gahunda yabyo yo gushakisha ibicuruzwa hakurikijwe igiciro cya buri mwenda. Ibigo bifite amatsinda yo kubahiriza amategeko ya FTZ yo muri Amerika-Kamboje bishobora kunoza gahunda yo gushakisha ibicuruzwa hakoreshejwe Ububiko bw'amakuru bwa Amerika bushingiye ku misoro ihuriweho (HTSUS) n'igenzura rihuza imbonerahamwe y'ibiciro bya WTO Integrated Database (IDB); ibirango bidafite akazi ka gasutamo mu kigo bishobora gukoresha umwe mu bacuruzi ba gasutamo bo muri Amerika bihariye mu myenda ikomoka muri Kamboje. Amabwiriza agenga ishyirwa mu byiciro rya HTSUS igice cya 62 yanditswe kuri icyitegererezo cyo gushyira mu byiciro imyenda ya HTSUS Igice cya 62.

7. Irangi rya DWR ryihariye, Uturemangingo twa TPU / PU, no Kubungabunga Ibirimo Bishobora Gusubirwamo

Ibirango byo hanze bya Pacific Northwest akenshi bisaba polyester ikoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa hamwe n'irangi ryihariye rirwanya amazi. Ibi turabishyigikira binyuze mu buryo butatu bwo kurangiza ku ruganda rwacu rwa Kamboje. Iya mbere ni resept ya C0 DWR (idakira amazi, nta shimi ya PFAS) ibirango bya Pacific Northwest bifite umurongo w'ibicuruzwa bigendera ku busugire bw'ibidukikije bikunze kugena. Iya kabiri ni resept ya C6 DWR ku birango bitarahinduka kuva kuri shimi ya fluorocarbon ishaje. Iya gatatu ni lamination ya TPU cyangwa PU membrane ku makoti akeneye hydrostatic-head resistance range irenga mm 10,000.

Uburyo bwo kwemeza ko GRS ishobora kongera gukoreshwa butwikira umwenda; uburyo bwo gushyiramo membrane ntabwo bugira ingaruka ku mugozi w’ibikoresho byasubijwe gukoreshwa kuko membrane ari igice cyihariye. Uburyo bwo guteka DWR bwite busaba nibura ibiro 200 by’imyenda ku ruganda rukora irangi no kurangiza, ibi bikaba bihuye n’ingano ya MOQ yacu isanzwe. Uburyo bwo guteka membrane bwite busaba uburyo bwo gushyiramo membrane mu ruganda rwacu rwa Kamboje, aho dutanga itike y’ibyumweru 4 mbere y’uko ikorwa.

8. Igihe cyo Kwemeza Icyitegererezo cya Sihanoukville kugeza ku Nkombe y'Uburengerazuba bwa Amerika

Guhorana igihe cyo gukora ni kimwe mu byiza by'imikorere ya Ningbo-plus-Cambodia. Kwemeza icyitegererezo cyo gutangira gukora ibintu byinshi: Iminsi 7-10 yo kubika imyenda no kuyikata no kuyidoda mu ruganda rwa Kamboje. Gukora ibintu byinshi: Iminsi 30-35 ku gicuruzwa cy'ibice 2,000; Iminsi 40-50 ku gicuruzwa cy'ibice 5,000; Iminsi 55-65 ku gicuruzwa cy'ibice 10,000. Kohereza kuva Sihanoukville kugera ku byambu bya Amerika by'Iburengerazuba (Long Beach, Oakland, Seattle): Iminsi 16-20 mu nyanja. Bityo, igihe cyo gutumiza no gutanga ibicuruzwa ni iminsi 65-90 ku gicuruzwa gisanzwe cy'ubucuruzi bwo hanze bwa Pacific Northwest.

Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu ndege kuva Sihanoukville kugera LAX birahari ku mafarashi yo gutangiza indege adafunguye neza, aho gutwara imodoka mu minsi 5-7 ku giciro cy’iminsi 4 yo gutwara indege mu mazi. Ibirango byo hanze byo mu majyaruguru y’uburengerazuba bwa Pasifika bikunze kugarukira ku gutwara indege mu mazi uretse mu mafarashi yo gutangiza indege akoresha igihe kinini. Turagaragaza aho indege zitandukaniye n’izo mu gihe cyo gutangiza indege mu idirishya ryo gutangiza indege ugereranije n’izo mu kirere mu cyiciro cyo gutanga ibiciro.

9. Inyandiko zijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije ku bijyanye no gukorera mu mucyo kw'ikirango cya Patagonia

Ibigo byo hanze bya Pacific Northwest bigenda bisohora amakuru ajyanye n’ubuziranenge ku buryo busanzwe, nk’uko Patagonia na REI zimaze imyaka myinshi zibikora. Ipaki y'inyandiko z'ubusugire bwa Dyon yagenewe urwo rwego rwo kumenyekanisha ikirango. Buri jaketi yemewe na GRS itangwa hamwe n'icyemezo cy'ibikorwa bya GRS, igipimo cy'ibikubiye mu bubiko, inyandiko z'uruhererekane rw'imyenda, icyemezo cy'uko ibintu byemewe n'amategeko bikurikizwa, amakuru ajyanye n'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'amazi kuri buri gice, hamwe n'incamake y'igenzura ry'imishahara n'amasaha by'abakozi ku ruganda rwa Kamboje. Imiterere y'uruganda rwa Kamboje igenzurwa ku giti cyarwo hakurikijwe gahunda ya ILO Better Work Cambodia, kandi uruhushya rw'ishoramari rw'ikigo cyacu cya Kamboje rwanditswe na Inama y'Iterambere rya KambojeUrutonde rwuzuye rw'amakoti abakiriya bacu bo hanze bo mu gace ka Pacific Northwest bakomokamo rwanditswe mu gitabo cyacu. Katalogu y'ikoti rya Dyon.

Iyi nyandiko ikubiyemo ibiciro bisanzwe. Ibigo byifuza ibipimo by'inyongera ku bijyanye no kubungabunga ibidukikije (urugero, ikirenge cya karuboni ku gice runaka, ikoreshwa ry'amazi ku gice runaka, cyangwa isuzuma rya Higg Index FEM) bishobora kubisaba mu cyiciro cyo gutanga ibiciro. Uruganda rwacu rwa Kamboje rusohora raporo ya buri mwaka y'iterambere ry'ibidukikije ivuga ku bipimo byo ku rwego rw'ikigo, kandi abakiriya bacu bashobora gukoresha iyo raporo nk'ishingiro ry'ibyo batangaza.

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa n'Ibirango by'Imyambaro yo Hanze bya Pacific Northwest